Colombia is a country full of contrasts and diversity, where culture, nature, and gastronomy converge to provide a unique experience for its visitors. If you are looking for places to visit in Colombia, you have come to the right place. In this article, we present 12 must-see destinations that will allow you to know the heart of this wonderful South American country.
From paradisiacal beaches to national parks with lush jungles, passing through colonial and modern cities, Colombia has something for everyone. Next, you will discover the most spectacular and authentic corners that you cannot miss visiting on your next trip to Colombia.
1. Cartagena de Indias: The jewel of the Caribbean
Cartagena de Indias is one of the most emblematic and visited cities in Colombia. Its charm lies in its colonial architecture, its cobbled streets, and the warmth of its people. The historic center, walled and declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site, is the perfect place to stroll and enjoy an environment full of history and magic.
You can visit representative places of Cartagena such as the Walled City: It is the historic heart of the city and a must-visit place. It is a walled enclosure built in the 16th century to protect the city from pirate attacks. The Castillo de San Felipe de Barajas: It is an impressive fortress built in the 17th century to defend the city from attacks by Spanish and British forces. Today, it is one of the most important monuments in the city and one of the most visited tourist sites.
The Torre del Reloj: It is an imposing tower located at the entrance of the Walled City and is considered an icon of the city. It was built in the 18th century as an entry gate to the city. The Plaza de Santo Domingo: It is one of the most important squares in the city and a lively, colorful place. Here you will find a statue of the famous artist Fernando Botero and numerous bars and restaurants. The Getsemaní neighborhood has a rich history dating back to colonial times. During slavery, Getsemaní was home to Africans brought to Cartagena as slaves. Today, it is known for its relaxed atmosphere, street art, and vibrant nightlife, making it a popular destination for tourists seeking an authentic experience in the city.
Additionally, a few kilometers from the city, you can find the paradisiacal Rosario Islands, an archipelago consisting of 27 islands offering white sandy beaches, crystal-clear waters, and a great diversity of marine fauna and flora. The Rosario Islands offer a wide variety of activities, from relaxing boat rides to exciting snorkeling and diving adventures. Its white sandy beaches and crystal-clear waters are perfect for enjoying a day in the sun and sea, and its marine biodiversity will surprise you with a variety of fish and corals that you will not find anywhere else. Without a doubt, a must-visit during your stay in Colombia.
Discover the natural treasure of Isla Grande and connect with its culture! Book now.
2. Parque Nacional Natural Tayrona: A natural paradise
The Tayrona Natural Park is one of the most popular destinations in Colombia. This national park is located on the Caribbean coast, near Santa Marta, and boasts an impressive biodiversity and stunning natural landscapes. The park is home to many endemic animal and plant species, including howler monkeys, sloths, and jaguars, as well as some local indigenous communities.
One of the main attractions of the park is its beaches with white sand, crystal-clear waters, and green mountain landscapes that meet the sea. Some of the most popular beaches include Cabo San Juan, La Piscina, and Playa Cristal. Additionally, the park has a wide variety of trails for walking and exploring, leading through the jungle and to viewpoints with panoramic views.
The Tayrona Natural Park is an ideal place for those seeking adventures and outdoor activities, from snorkeling in crystal-clear waters to trekking excursions. Moreover, for those interested in culture, the park has archaeological and spiritually significant sites for the indigenous communities inhabiting the region.
3. Trekking to Ciudad Perdida: Exploring the history of the Tayronas
If you love adventure and history, trekking to Ciudad Perdida is definitely an experience you cannot miss. Located in the Sierra Nevada of Santa Marta, Colombia, Ciudad Perdida is an ancient city built by the Tayrona civilization dating back to the 8th century. To reach this archaeological wonder, you must undertake a multi-day hike through mountain trails, crossing rivers and jungles.
This trek to Ciudad Perdida lasts 4 days, during which you will have the opportunity to see spectacular landscapes, meet local people, and learn about the culture and history of the Tayronas. Along the way, you will pass through small indigenous villages and interact with their inhabitants, who have preserved their customs and ancestral traditions.
The last day of the trek to Ciudad Perdida offers the chance to explore the lost city of the Tayronas, a complex of terraces and stone structures spread over several hectares. There, you can see the tombs and temples built by the Tayronas over a thousand years ago. It will be an unforgettable experience that will transport you to another era and leave you amazed by the architectural and artistic skills of this ancient civilization.
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4. Medellín: The city of eternal spring
Medellín, capital of the Antioquia department, is known as the "City of Eternal Spring" due to its pleasant climate year-round, with average temperatures ranging between 20 and 28 degrees Celsius. This beautiful metropolis is located in a valley surrounded by mountains and is the second-largest city in Colombia.
Besides its climate, Medellín is famous for its vibrant cultural life, innovative urban projects, and friendly people. You cannot miss visiting the Parque de los Pies Descalzos, the Antioquia Museum, and the Casa de la Memoria, which narrates the recent history of the city and its transformation process. Also, the Explora Park is an excellent place for family fun, with its aquarium, planetarium, and numerous interactive exhibits.
In the surroundings of Medellín, you can enjoy a wide variety of nature and adventure activities. Hiking and trekking are popular options to explore nearby mountains and valleys, such as the Arví Park and the Cerro de las Tres Cruces. For lovers of rivering and canyoning, the Río Claro is an excellent destination for descending through canyons and waterfalls while immersing in a lush natural environment.
Likewise, Medellín is an ideal starting point to explore other areas of Antioquia, such as the charming town of Guatapé and the Piedra del Peñol, which offers a panoramic view of the reservoir and its surroundings. You can also visit the Cañón del Río Cauca, a perfect place for water sports and enjoying nature in all its splendor.
Climb Cerro La Vieja in Sonsón from Medellín! Book now
5. Bogotá: The vibrant Colombian capital
Bogotá, situated at 2,640 meters above sea level in the Andes mountain range, is the capital and largest city of Colombia. This vibrant metropolis is the political, economic, and cultural center of the country, making it an unmissable destination for those wanting to immerse themselves in Colombian history and diversity.
The Candelaria, Bogotá's historic center, is the cultural heart of the city, where colonial and republican buildings can be found, as well as museums of great relevance such as the Gold Museum, the Botero Museum, and the National Museum of Colombia. In this area, you can also visit Bolívar Square, the Primada Cathedral, and the Nariño House, the seat of the Colombian government.
For nature lovers, Bogotá and its surroundings offer multiple options for hiking and trekking. One of the most emblematic places to enjoy these activities is Cerro de Monserrate, which, besides having a church and a panoramic view of the city, offers various trails to explore its lush vegetation and appreciate the area's biodiversity.
Another option for outdoor adventure seekers is the Chicaque Natural Park, located a few kilometers south of Bogotá. This park offers an extensive network of trails that delve into a dense foggy forest, where you can see a wide variety of flora and fauna, as well as enjoy spectacular views of the valley and surrounding mountains.
Experience a unique cultural and photographic immersion in Colombia!
6. The Sumapaz Páramo: A natural treasure to discover
The Sumapaz Páramo, located in the Cundinamarca department and close to Bogotá, is one of the most astonishing and valuable ecosystems in Colombia. This páramo, considered the largest in the world, extends over more than 300,000 hectares and is home to a great diversity of flora and fauna, adapted to the cold and humid conditions of these high mountains.
This natural treasure is part of the Sumapaz Natural National Park and is essential for regulating the water cycle in the region, as it hosts numerous rivers, lagoons, and wetlands that supply water to millions of people in Colombia. Its most emblematic species include frailejones, endemic plants of the Andean páramos that can live up to 200 years and whose unique, mystical appearance characterizes the Sumapaz landscape.
This páramo is an ideal destination for trekking enthusiasts, offering a variety of routes to explore its ecosystems and enjoy spectacular views of its mountains, valleys, and water bodies. During these walks, visitors can learn about the ecological importance and conservation of the páramos, as well as observe birds, mammals, and other species inhabiting this unique environment.
Besides its natural richness, the Sumapaz Páramo is also a place loaded with history and culture. The region has been inhabited since pre-Columbian times by indigenous communities such as the Muisca and the Panches, who developed systems of agriculture and trade in these challenging geographical conditions. With the arrival of Spanish colonizers, the area was the scene of intense struggles and territorial disputes, and later, during the independence era, it became the setting for important battles and historical episodes.
Connect with the nature and rural life of the Sumapaz Páramo! Book now
7. Valle del Cocora: The cradle of the wax palm
The Cocora Valley, located in the heart of the Coffee Axis, is one of the most spectacular and emblematic landscapes in Colombia. This valley, part of the Los Nevados Natural National Park, is famous for being the home of the wax palm, Colombia's national tree and one of the tallest palm species in the world, reaching up to 60 meters in height.
The Cocora Valley is an ideal place for nature lovers, hikers, and trekkers. Visitors can explore a series of trails that cross the valley, delving into foggy forests, rivers, meadows, and enjoying breathtaking views of the mountains and the imposing wax palms. One of the most popular routes is the trail leading to the Los Nevados Natural National Park, where you can enjoy a panoramic view of the valley and its surroundings.
This valley also has a rich history and culture, as it has been inhabited since pre-Columbian times by indigenous communities that have left their legacy in the region. In the nearby town of Salento, you can learn more about the area's history, visit colorful craft shops, and taste the delicious trout, a regional dish.
Furthermore, the Cocora Valley is the starting point for exploring other attractions of the Coffee Axis, such as the towns of Filandia and Circasia, and the coffee plantations that are part of the Coffee Cultural Landscape, declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site. On these farms, you can learn about the coffee production process and enjoy an authentic coffee experience.
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8. Caño Cristales: The river of five colors
Caño Cristales, known as the "River of the Five Colors," is a unique natural phenomenon in the world, located in the Sierra de la Macarena Natural National Park, in the Meta department. This river, which extends for about 100 kilometers, is famous for its vibrant colors, including red, yellow, green, blue, and black, especially visible between June and November.
The cause of this natural wonder is a type of aquatic plant called Macarenia clavigera, which, when receiving direct sunlight, acquires these striking colors. Additionally, the river is home to a great diversity of flora and fauna, making it a paradise for nature lovers and photographers.
To explore Caño Cristales and its surroundings, visitors can hike and trek along its numerous trails, which allow them to enjoy waterfalls, natural pools, and unique rock formations. During these walks, it is possible to appreciate the region's natural wealth and learn about the ecological importance and conservation of this fragile ecosystem.
The history of Caño Cristales and the Sierra de la Macarena is also fascinating, as it has been home to various indigenous cultures over the centuries, such as the Guayaberos, who inhabited the region before the arrival of Spanish colonizers. Moreover, the area has been the subject of significant conservation and sustainable development efforts in recent decades, aiming to protect its biodiversity and promote responsible tourism.
9. Guatapé: The reservoir and the Peñol rock
Guatapé is a picturesque town located in the Antioquia department, a few hours by car from Medellín. This charming destination is known for its colorful facades and plinths, as well as for the imposing Guatapé reservoir and the iconic Peñol Rock, which rises majestically over the surrounding landscape.
The Guatapé reservoir is a perfect place to enjoy water and nature activities. In its calm waters, you can practice sports such as kayaking, sailing, and fishing, while its numerous islands and islets offer opportunities for hiking and trekking. Additionally, the reservoir is home to a diverse fauna and flora, making it ideal for birdwatching and observing other species in their natural environment.
On the other hand, the Peñol Rock is a granite formation that rises 220 meters above the reservoir level. To reach the top, you must climb its 740 steps carved into the rock. Once at the top, visitors can enjoy a spectacular panoramic view of the reservoir and its surroundings, making this a must-stop for nature and photography lovers.
Besides its natural attractions, Guatapé is an ideal place to immerse yourself in local culture and history. The town has a varied architectural and artistic heritage, reflected in its colorful houses and squares, as well as in its churches and museums. You can also enjoy local cuisine, including delicious dishes like bandeja paisa and arepa de choclo.
10. Tatacoa Desert: A lunar landscape in Colombia
The Tatacoa Desert, located in the Huila department, is one of the most astonishing landscapes in Colombia. Although it is not a desert in the strict sense of the word, but a dry tropical forest area, its geological and climatic features give it a desert-like and lunar appearance, making it a unique destination in the country.
This unusual landscape is the result of millions of years of erosion, which have created rocky formations and earth labyrinths in ochre and gray tones, locally called "cuzco" and "the holes." Additionally, the Tatacoa Desert is home to a great diversity of flora and fauna adapted to its arid conditions, making it a paradise for nature and biology enthusiasts.
The Tatacoa Desert is an ideal place for hiking, as it has numerous paths that allow visitors to explore its geological features and appreciate the beauty and diversity of its ecosystem. It is also possible to take bike rides, horseback rides, or off-road vehicle trips to cover greater distances and enjoy a more adventurous experience.
The history of Tatacoa is also fascinating, as the area has been inhabited since pre-Columbian times by various indigenous cultures, such as the Pijaos and the Yalcón. Later, during the colonial era, the area was explored and described by Spanish chroniclers, who called it "the Valley of Sorrows" due to its desolate appearance. Since then, the region has been the subject of numerous geological and paleontological studies, which have led to important fossil discoveries and a better understanding of the evolution of this unique landscape.
One of the major attractions of the Tatacoa Desert is its exceptional night sky, which makes it one of the best places in Colombia for astronomical observation. Thanks to its low light pollution and its location in a low-humidity zone, it is possible to clearly see stars, planets, and other celestial objects. At the Tatacoa Astronomical Observatory, visitors can enjoy talks and workshops on astronomy and use telescopes to explore the night sky.
Experience a unique and incredible adventure in the Tatacoa Desert!
11. Parque Nacional Natural Los Nevados: Snow adventure
The Los Nevados Natural National Park is a spectacular destination located in the Central Cordillera of the Colombian Andes, in the coffee axis of the country. This park covers territories in the departments of Caldas, Quindío, Risaralda, and Tolima, and is home to an impressive diversity of ecosystems, including páramos, Andean forests, and the iconic snow-capped volcanoes that give it its name.
The park has several volcanoes and snow-capped peaks, such as Nevado del Ruiz, Nevado del Tolima, and Nevado de Santa Isabel. These majestic mountains, some of which exceed 5,000 meters in altitude. The most popular routes for hiking and trekking are the ascent to Nevado de Santa Isabel and Nevado del Tolima, where you can enjoy spectacular panoramic views of the mountain range and its surroundings. This journey, which can be done in one or several days depending on experience and physical condition, requires specialized guides and appropriate equipment to face extreme weather conditions and altitude risks.
Los Nevados National Park is also rich in history and culture. The region has been inhabited since pre-Columbian times by indigenous communities such as the Quimbaya and the Pijao, who developed a close relationship with nature and left important archaeological remains in the area. With the arrival of Spanish colonizers, settlements and haciendas were established on the slopes of the mountains, giving rise to a mestizo culture that still persists today.
Conquer the summit of Los Nevados National Park and feel impressive! Book now
12. San Andrés and Providencia: Dream islands
San Andrés and Providencia are two paradise islands located in the Colombian Caribbean, about 700 km northwest of the country's mainland coast. These islands, famous for their crystal-clear waters and white sandy beaches, are part of the Archipelago of San Andrés, Providencia, and Santa Catalina, a tourist destination attracting visitors from around the world seeking sun, sea, and fun.
Although most activities in San Andrés and Providencia are related to sun and beach tourism, such as diving, snorkeling, and water sports, these islands also offer opportunities for hiking and trekking, especially on Providencia Island. A popular route for hiking enthusiasts in Providencia is the ascent to Cerro El Pico, the highest point on the island, reaching an altitude of 360 meters above sea level. This route, which can be completed in a few hours, offers a spectacular view of the entire island and its surroundings, as well as the chance to see a wide variety of endemic flora and fauna.
Besides their natural attractions, San Andrés and Providencia also have a rich history and culture, reflected in the diversity of their inhabitants and their architectural and archaeological heritage. The region was originally inhabited by indigenous communities, and later colonized by English and Dutch, before being annexed to Colombia in the 19th century. This mix of cultural influences has created a unique identity, expressed in music, gastronomy, and local traditions.
In San Andrés, visitors can tour the island's historic center, visit the Isleña House Museum, which showcases the history and culture of the native Afro-Caribbean residents, and explore the archaeological remains of the old San Luis fortress. In Providencia, the pirate history of the island is evident in places like the Santa Catalina Fort and Morgan's Head, where it is believed that the famous pirate Henry Morgan hid part of his treasure.
13. Parque Nacional Natural Chingaza
If you are a nature lover and find yourself in Colombia, the Chingaza Natural National Park is a place you cannot miss. Located just 50 kilometers from Bogotá, it is an ideal destination for a day trip or a weekend of camping.
The Chingaza Natural National Park is a protected reserve of over 76,000 hectares, hosting a large number of ecosystems and species of flora and fauna. Inside, you can find mountains, páramos, forests, lagoons, and rivers, among others. It is also home to endemic species such as the spectacled bear and the Andean condor.
One of the best ways to explore the park is through its trails. It is important to note that the Chingaza Natural National Park is a protected area, and certain rules must be followed to protect its ecosystem. It is also necessary to obtain a permit before entering the park and follow the recommendations of park rangers.
Full-day tour of PNN Chingaza from Bogotá
Frequently asked questions for those wishing to visit Colombia
1. What is the best time of year to visit Colombia?
The best time to visit Colombia depends on the destination and activities you want to do. In general, the country has a tropical and stable climate year-round, with regional variations. The dry season, from December to March, is ideal for visiting most destinations, as rains are less frequent and temperatures are pleasant.
2. Do I need a visa to travel to Colombia?
The need for a visa to enter Colombia depends on the visitor's nationality. Citizens of many countries, including the United States, Canada, the European Union, Australia, and New Zealand, do not require a visa for stays of up to 90 days for tourism. We recommend checking with the Colombian embassy or consulate in your country for updated entry requirements.
3. Is it safe to travel to Colombia?
In recent years, Colombia has experienced significant improvements in security and has become a popular tourist destination. However, as in any other country, it is important to take precautions and stay informed about areas to avoid. Some safety tips include not displaying valuables in public, avoiding remote rural areas, and traveling at night in unfamiliar areas.
4. What is the official currency in Colombia and where can I exchange money?
The official currency of Colombia is the Colombian peso (COP). It is advisable to exchange money at authorized currency exchange offices, banks, or at the airport upon arrival. Avoid exchanging money on the street, as it can be dangerous and you might receive counterfeit bills. Also, in most major cities, you will find ATMs to withdraw cash with international cards.
5. What vaccines do I need before traveling to Colombia?
Before traveling to Colombia, it is recommended to be up-to-date with basic vaccines such as tetanus, diphtheria, measles, mumps, and rubella. Additionally, it is suggested to get vaccinated against yellow fever, especially if you plan to visit jungle or rural areas. In some cases, the hepatitis A and typhoid vaccines may also be recommended. Consult your doctor before your trip for specific recommendations based on your situation and the places you plan to visit.
6. What typical food should I try in Colombia?
Colombia has a wide variety of typical dishes worth trying. Some of the most popular include bandeja paisa, ajiaco, arepa, sancocho, empanadas, and lechona. Also, don't forget to taste the delicious Colombian coffee and try exotic fruits like lulo, soursop, and granadilla.
7. How many days are recommended to see the main tourist attractions in Colombia?
Colombia is a large and diverse country, so the number of days needed to visit its main tourist spots depends on your interests and available time. A trip of two to three weeks would allow you to visit major destinations such as Bogotá, Medellín, Cartagena, Tayrona National Park, and the Coffee Axis. However, if you want to explore more in-depth, consider dedicating more time to your trip.
8. What types of accommodation can I find in Colombia?
In Colombia, you will find a wide range of accommodation options to suit different budgets and preferences. From luxury hotels and boutique inns to budget hostels, as well as local guesthouses and eco-lodges in rural areas. Additionally, platforms like Airbnb offer a variety of options for renting apartments and private houses.
9. What type of transportation is most recommended for getting around Colombia?
For traveling between cities in Colombia, air travel is a quick and convenient option, as the country has an extensive network of airports and connections. Low-cost airlines like Wingo and EasyFly offer affordable flights between major cities. For shorter trips or rural areas, intercity buses and vans (minibuses) are popular and accessible options. Within cities, you can use taxis, apps like Uber, or public transportation services such as TransMilenio in Bogotá or the Medellín Metro.
10. Is it necessary to speak Spanish to travel around Colombia?
Although it is possible to travel in Colombia without speaking Spanish, having basic knowledge of the language will facilitate communication and allow you to enjoy a more authentic experience. English is spoken in tourist areas and by hotel and restaurant staff in major cities, but in rural and less touristy areas, knowledge of Spanish will be very useful. Additionally, Colombians are known for their friendliness and hospitality, so making an effort to learn some Spanish phrases will help you connect with the local people and enrich your travel experience.