Colombia is a country filled with contrasts and diversity, where culture, nature, and gastronomy converge to provide a unique experience for its visitors. If you're looking for places to visit in Colombia, you've come to the right place. In this article, we present you with 12 unmissable destinations that will allow you to discover the heart of this wonderful South American country.
From idyllic beaches to national parks with lush jungles, passing through colonial and modern cities, Colombia has something for every taste. Below, you will discover the most spectacular and authentic spots that you can't miss on your next trip to Colombia.
1. Cartagena de Indias: The Jewel of the Caribbean
Cartagena de Indias is one of Colombia's most emblematic and visited cities. Its charm lies in its colonial architecture, cobblestone streets, and the warmth of its people. The historic walled city center, declared a World Heritage Site by UNESCO, is the ideal place to stroll and enjoy an atmosphere full of history and magic.
You can visit representative places in Cartagena, such as the Walled City: It is the historical heart of the city and a must-see place. It is a walled enclosure built in the 16th century to protect the city from pirate attacks. The Castillo de San Felipe de Barajas: It is an impressive fortress built in the 17th century to defend the city from attacks by Spanish and British forces. Today, it is one of the most important monuments in the city and one of the most visited tourist sites.
The Clock Tower: It is an imposing tower located at the entrance of the Walled City and is considered an icon of the city. It was built in the 18th century as an entrance gate to the city. The Plaza de Santo Domingo: It is one of the most important squares in the city and a place full of life and color. Here you will find a statue by the famous artist Fernando Botero and a great number of bars and restaurants. And the Getsemaní neighborhood has a rich history that dates back to colonial times. During the era of slavery, Getsemaní was home to Africans who were brought to Cartagena as slaves. Nowadays, it is known for its laid-back atmosphere, street art, and vibrant nightlife, making it a popular destination for tourists seeking an authentic experience in the city.
In addition, just a few kilometers from the city, you can find the paradisiacal Rosario Islands, an archipelago composed of 27 islands that offer white sandy beaches, crystal clear waters, and a great diversity of marine fauna and flora. The Rosario Islands offer a wide variety of activities, from relaxing boat rides to thrilling snorkeling and diving adventures. Their white sandy beaches and crystal clear waters are perfect for enjoying a day of sun and sea, and their marine biodiversity will surprise you with a variety of fish and corals you won't find anywhere else. Without a doubt, a must-visit during your time in Colombia.
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2. Tayrona National Natural Park: A Natural Paradise
Tayrona Natural Park is one of the most popular destinations in Colombia. This national park is located on the Caribbean coast, near Santa Marta, and boasts impressive biodiversity and stunning natural landscapes. The park is home to many endemic animal and plant species, including howler monkeys, sloths, and jaguars, as well as some local indigenous communities.
One of the main attractions of the park is its white sandy beaches, crystal clear waters, and green mountain landscapes that merge with the sea. Some of the most popular beaches include Cabo San Juan, La Piscina, and Crystal Beach. Additionally, the park offers a wide variety of hiking trails to explore, taking you through the jungle and up to viewpoints with panoramic views.
Tayrona Natural Park is an ideal destination for those seeking outdoor adventures and activities, from snorkeling in the crystal-clear waters to trekking excursions. Moreover, for those interested in culture, the park is home to archeological sites and spiritually significant locations for the indigenous communities that inhabit the region.
You could do a one-day hiking tour in the park starting from Santa Marta.
3. Trekking to the Lost City: Exploring the History of the Tayronas
If you're a lover of adventure and history, the trek to the Lost City is definitely an experience you can't miss. Located in the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta in Colombia, the Lost City is an ancient city built by the Tayrona civilization dating back to the 8th century. To reach this archaeological wonder, you must embark on a multi-day hike through mountainous trails, crossing rivers and jungles.
This Lost City trek consists of a 4-day journey, during which you'll have the opportunity to see spectacular landscapes, meet local people, and learn about the culture and history of the Tayronas. Along the way, you'll pass through small indigenous villages and interact with their inhabitants, who have preserved their ancestral customs and traditions.
On the final day of the Lost City trek, you'll have the chance to explore the lost city of the Tayronas, a complex of terraces and stone structures that spans several hectares. There, you can see the tombs and temples the Tayronas built over a thousand years ago. It will be an unforgettable experience that transports you to another time and leaves you in awe of the architectural and artistic skills of this ancient civilization.
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4. Medellín: The City of Eternal Spring
Medellín, the capital of the Antioquia department, is known as the "City of Eternal Spring" due to its pleasant climate throughout the year, with average temperatures ranging between 20 and 28 degrees Celsius (68-82 degrees Fahrenheit). This beautiful metropolis is located in a valley surrounded by mountains and is Colombia's second-largest city.
In addition to its climate, Medellín is famous for its vibrant cultural life, innovative urban projects, and friendly people. Don't miss a visit to the Barefoot Park, the Museum of Antioquia, and the House of Memory, which narrates the city's recent history and its transformation process. Likewise, the Explora Park is an excellent place for family enjoyment, with its aquarium, planetarium, and numerous interactive exhibitions.
In the surroundings of Medellín, you can enjoy a wide variety of nature and adventure activities. Hiking and trekking are popular options for exploring the nearby mountains and valleys, such as Arví Park and Cerro de las Tres Cruces. For those who love rivering and canyoning, Río Claro is an excellent destination for descending through canyons and waterfalls while immersing yourself in a lush natural environment.
Moreover, Medellín is an ideal starting point for exploring other areas of Antioquia, such as the charming town of Guatapé and the Peñol Rock, which offers a panoramic view of the reservoir and its surroundings. You can also visit the Cauca River Canyon, a perfect place for practicing water sports and enjoying nature in all its splendor.
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5. Bogotá: The Vibrant Colombian Capital
Bogotá, situated at 2,640 meters above sea level in the Andes mountain range, is the capital and largest city of Colombia. This bustling metropolis is the political, economic, and cultural center of the country, making it a must-visit destination for those wanting to immerse themselves in Colombian history and diversity.
La Candelaria, Bogotá's historical center, is the cultural heart of the city, where you'll find colonial and republican buildings, as well as significant museums like the Gold Museum, the Botero Museum, and the National Museum of Colombia. In this area, you can also visit Plaza de Bolívar, the Primatial Cathedral, and Casa de Nariño, the seat of the Colombian government.
For nature lovers, Bogotá and its surroundings offer numerous options for hiking and trekking. One of the most emblematic places to enjoy these activities is Monserrate Hill, which, in addition to having a church and a panoramic view of the city, offers various trails to explore its lush vegetation and appreciate the local biodiversity.
Another option for those seeking outdoor adventures is Chicaque Natural Park, located a few kilometers south of Bogotá. This park features an extensive network of trails that delve into a dense cloud forest, where you can appreciate a wide variety of flora and fauna, as well as enjoy spectacular views of the valley and surrounding mountains.
In conclusion, Bogotá is a city that perfectly combines its rich history and cultural heritage with the opportunity to experience thrilling nature adventures. With a wide range of hiking and trekking activities and the chance to explore diverse ecosystems, Bogotá becomes an essential destination for those wishing to discover the essence of Colombia.
Experience a unique cultural and photographic immersion in Colombia
6. Sumapaz Páramo: A Natural Treasure Waiting to Be Discovered
The Sumapaz Páramo, located in the Cundinamarca department and a short distance from Bogotá, is one of Colombia's most astonishing and valuable ecosystems. This páramo, considered the largest in the world, spans over 300,000 hectares and is home to a vast diversity of flora and fauna, which have adapted to the cold and humid conditions of these high mountains.
This natural treasure is part of Sumapaz National Natural Park and is crucial for regulating the water cycle in the region, as it houses numerous rivers, lakes, and wetlands that supply water to millions of people in Colombia. Among its most emblematic species are the frailejones, endemic plants of the Andean páramos that can live up to 200 years and whose unique and mystical appearance characterizes Sumapaz's landscape.
The Sumapaz Páramo is an ideal destination for trekking enthusiasts, offering a variety of routes that allow exploration of its ecosystems and enjoyment of spectacular panoramas of its mountains, valleys, and bodies of water. During these hikes, visitors can learn about the ecological importance and conservation of páramos, as well as observe birds, mammals, and other species that inhabit this unique environment.
In addition to its natural wealth, the Sumapaz Páramo is also a place steeped in history and culture. The region was inhabited since pre-Columbian times by indigenous communities such as the Muisca and Panches, who developed agricultural and trade systems in these challenging geographic conditions. With the arrival of Spanish colonizers, the area became the site of intense struggles and territorial disputes, and later, during the independence era, it became the stage for significant battles and historical episodes.
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7. Cocora Valley: The Cradle of the Wax Palm
The Cocora Valley, located in the heart of the Coffee Axis, is one of Colombia's most spectacular and emblematic landscapes. This valley, part of Los Nevados National Natural Park, is famous for being home to the wax palm, Colombia's national tree and one of the tallest palm species in the world, which can reach up to 60 meters in height.
The Cocora Valley is an ideal place for nature lovers, hikers, and trekkers. Visitors can explore a series of trails that cross the valley, venturing into cloud forests, rivers, meadows, and enjoying stunning views of the mountains and towering wax palms. One of the most popular routes is the trail leading to Los Nevados National Natural Park, where you can enjoy a panoramic view of the valley and its surroundings.
The valley also boasts a rich history and culture, as it has been inhabited since pre-Columbian times by indigenous communities that have left their legacy in the region. In the nearby town of Salento, you can learn more about the area's history, visit colorful handicraft shops, and taste the delicious trout, a regional specialty.
Moreover, the Cocora Valley is the starting point for exploring other attractions in the Coffee Axis, such as the towns of Filandia and Circasia, and the coffee plantations that form part of the Coffee Cultural Landscape, a UNESCO World Heritage Site. At these coffee farms, you can learn about the coffee production process and enjoy an authentic coffee experience.
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8. Caño Cristales: The River of Five Colors
Caño Cristales, known as the "River of Five Colors," is a unique natural phenomenon in the world, located in the Sierra de la Macarena National Natural Park, in the Meta department. This river, which stretches for approximately 100 kilometers, is famous for its vibrant colors, including red, yellow, green, blue, and black, which are especially visible between June and November.
Responsible for this natural wonder is a type of algae called Macarenia clavigera, which, when exposed to direct sunlight, takes on these striking colors. Additionally, the river is home to a wide variety of flora and fauna, making it a paradise for nature lovers and photographers.
To explore Caño Cristales and its surroundings, visitors can hike and trek along its many trails, which will allow them to enjoy waterfalls, natural pools, and unique rock formations. During these hikes, it's possible to appreciate the region's natural wealth and learn about the ecological importance and conservation of this fragile ecosystem.
The history of Caño Cristales and the Sierra de la Macarena is also fascinating, as it has been home to various indigenous cultures over the centuries, such as the Guayaberos, who inhabited the region before the arrival of Spanish colonizers. Additionally, the area has been the focus of significant conservation and sustainable development efforts in recent decades, seeking to protect its biodiversity and promote responsible tourism.
9. Guatapé: The Reservoir and El Peñol Rock
Guatapé is a picturesque town located in the Antioquia department, just a few hours' drive from Medellín. This charming destination is known for its colorful facades and bas-reliefs, as well as the impressive Guatapé Reservoir and the iconic El Peñol Rock, which majestically towers over the surrounding landscape.
The Guatapé Reservoir is a perfect place to enjoy water activities and nature. Its calm waters are perfect for sports like kayaking, sailing, and fishing, while its many islands and islets offer opportunities for hiking and trekking. Additionally, the reservoir is home to diverse flora and fauna, making it ideal for birdwatching and observing other species in their natural habitat.
On the other hand, El Peñol Rock is a granite rock formation that rises 220 meters above the reservoir's water level. To reach the top, it's necessary to climb its 740 steps, which have been carved into the rock. Once at the top, visitors can enjoy a spectacular panoramic view of the reservoir and its surroundings, making this a must-visit spot for nature lovers and photographers.
Besides its natural attractions, Guatapé is an ideal place to immerse oneself in local culture and history. The town boasts a diverse architectural and artistic heritage, reflected in its colorful houses and squares, as well as its churches and museums. You can also enjoy local cuisine, which includes delicious dishes like bandeja paisa and arepa de choclo.
10. Tatacoa Desert: A Lunar Landscape in Colombia
The Tatacoa Desert, located in the Huila department, is one of Colombia's most astonishing landscapes. Although not a desert in the strictest sense, but a dry tropical forest area, its geological and climatic features give it a desert-like and lunar appearance, making it a unique destination in the country.
This unusual landscape is the result of millions of years of erosion, which has created rock formations and earth labyrinths in ochre and gray tones, locally known as "cuzco" and "los hoyos." Additionally, the Tatacoa Desert is home to a wide variety of flora and fauna adapted to its arid conditions, making it a paradise for nature and biology enthusiasts.
The Tatacoa Desert is an ideal place for hiking, as it has numerous trails that allow visitors to explore its geological features and appreciate the beauty and diversity of its ecosystem. You can also enjoy bike rides, horseback riding, or off-road vehicle tours to cover greater distances and enjoy a more adventurous experience.
The history of Tatacoa is also fascinating, as the area was inhabited since pre-Columbian times by various indigenous cultures such as the Pijaos and the Yalcón. Later, during the colonial era, the area was explored and described by Spanish chroniclers, who named it "the Valley of Sorrows" due to its desolate appearance. Since then, the region has been the subject of numerous geological and paleontological studies, which have allowed for the discovery of significant fossil findings and a better understanding of this unique landscape's evolution.
One of Tatacoa Desert's main attractions is its exceptional night sky, making it one of Colombia's best places for astronomical observation. Thanks to its low light pollution and its location in a low humidity area, it's possible to appreciate stars, planets, and other celestial objects with great clarity. At the Tatacoa Astronomical Observatory, visitors can enjoy talks and workshops on astronomy and use telescopes to explore the heavens.
¡Live a unique and incredible experience in the Tatacoa Desert!
11. Los Nevados National Natural Park: Snowy Adventure
Los Nevados National Natural Park is a spectacular destination located in the Central Andes mountain range of Colombia, in the country's coffee region. This park spans the territories of the Caldas, Quindío, Risaralda, and Tolima departments and is home to an impressive variety of ecosystems, including páramo, Andean forests, and the iconic snow-capped mountains, which give the park its name.
The park features several volcanoes and snow-capped peaks, such as Nevado del Ruiz, Nevado del Tolima, and Nevado del Santa Isabel. These majestic mountains, some of which exceed 5,000 meters in altitude, provide a unique setting for mountain activities like hiking, trekking, and ice climbing. Additionally, their glaciers and glacial lakes offer opportunities for birdwatching and scientific research.
One of the most popular routes for hiking and trekking enthusiasts is the ascent to Nevado del Ruiz, which allows visitors to enjoy spectacular panoramic views of the mountain range and its surroundings. This trek, which can be completed in one or several days, depending on the participants' experience and physical preparation, requires specialized guides and appropriate equipment to face extreme weather conditions and altitude-related risks.
Los Nevados National Natural Park is also a place rich in history and culture. The region was inhabited since pre-Columbian times by indigenous communities like the Quimbaya and Pijao, who developed a close relationship with nature and left significant archaeological remains in the area. With the arrival of Spanish settlers, towns and haciendas were established at the mountains' foothills, giving rise to a mestizo culture that still survives today.
Within the park, it's possible to visit some of these haciendas, which have been repurposed into rural accommodations and interpretation centers, where visitors can learn about the park's history, geology, and biodiversity. You can also taste local cuisine, which includes delicious dishes like rainbow trout and chicken sancocho, made with fresh, organic ingredients from the region.
In summary, Los Nevados National Natural Park is an adventure and nature destination in Colombia, offering an unforgettable experience for hiking, trekking, and history enthusiasts. With its imposing snow-capped mountains, diverse ecosystems, and rich culture, this park is a must-visit stop on any trip through the country.
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12. San Andrés and Providencia: Dreamy Islands
San Andrés and Providencia are two paradisiacal islands located in the Colombian Caribbean, about 700 km northwest of the country's mainland coast. These islands, famous for their crystal-clear waters and white sandy beaches, are part of the Archipelago of San Andrés, Providencia, and Santa Catalina, a tourist destination that attracts visitors from all over the world seeking sun, sea, and fun.
Although most activities in San Andrés and Providencia revolve around sun and beach tourism, such as diving, snorkeling, and water sports, these islands also offer opportunities for hiking and trekking, especially on the island of Providencia. Here, visitors can explore trails that traverse lush tropical forests, discover hidden waterfalls, and enjoy stunning panoramic views of the Caribbean Sea and nearby cays.
A popular route for hiking enthusiasts in Providencia is the ascent to Cerro El Pico, the island's highest point, which reaches an altitude of 360 meters above sea level. This journey, which can be completed in a few hours, offers a spectacular view of the entire island and its surroundings, as well as the chance to observe a wide variety of endemic flora and fauna.
In addition to their natural attractions, San Andrés and Providencia also boast a rich history and culture, reflected in the diversity of their inhabitants and their architectural and archaeological heritage. The region was originally inhabited by indigenous communities and was later colonized by the English and Dutch before being annexed to Colombia in the 19th century. This mix of cultural influences has given rise to a unique identity, which is manifested in the music, cuisine, and local traditions.
In San Andrés, visitors can tour the island's historic center, visit the Casa Museo Isleña, which showcases the history and culture of the Raizals (native Afro-Caribbean population), and explore the archaeological remains of the ancient San Luis fortress. In Providencia, the island's pirate history is evident in places such as the Santa Catalina Fort and Morgan's Head, where it is believed the famous pirate Henry Morgan hid part of his treasure.
13. Chingaza National Natural Park
If you’re a nature lover visiting Colombia, Chingaza National Natural Park is a must-see destination. Located just 50 kilometers from Bogotá, it's an ideal spot for a day trip or a weekend of camping.
Chingaza National Natural Park is a sprawling nature reserve, spanning over 76,000 hectares and hosting a wide range of ecosystems and species of flora and fauna. Within it is boundaries, you'll find mountains, highlands, forests, lagoons, and rivers, among other features. Moreover, the park is home to endemic species such as the spectacled bear and the Andean condor.
One of the best ways to explore the park is by traversing its trails. It's essential to remember that Chingaza National Natural Park is a protected area, and visitors must follow certain rules to safeguard its ecosystem. Additionally, you'll need to obtain a permit before entering the park and heed the recommendations of the park rangers.
One-day tour to Chingaza National Park from Bogotá.
Frequently Asked Questions for Those Who Want to Travel to Colombia
1. What is the best time of year to visit Colombia?
The best time to visit Colombia depends on the destination and the activities you wish to undertake. In general, the country has a stable tropical climate throughout the year, with some regional variations. The dry season, which runs from December to March, is ideal for visiting most destinations, as rainfall is less frequent and temperatures are pleasant.
2.Do I need a visa to travel to Colombia?
The need for a visa to enter Colombia depends on the visitor's nationality. Citizens of many countries, including the United States, Canada, the European Union, Australia, and New Zealand, do not require a visa for tourist stays of up to 90 days. We recommend consulting with the Colombian embassy or consulate in your country for up-to-date information on entry requirements.
3. Is it safe to travel to Colombia?
In recent years, Colombia has experienced significant improvements in terms of safety and has become a popular tourist destination. However, as with any other country, it is essential to take precautions and stay informed about areas to avoid. Some safety tips include not displaying valuables in public, avoiding remote rural areas, and not traveling at night in unfamiliar areas.
4. What is the official currency in Colombia, and where can I exchange money?
The official currency of Colombia is the Colombian peso (COP). It is advisable to exchange money at authorized exchange houses, banks, or at the airport upon arrival in the country. Avoid exchanging money on the street, as it can be dangerous and you may receive counterfeit bills. Additionally, in most major cities, you will find ATMs where you can withdraw cash with international cards.
5. What vaccinations do I need before traveling to Colombia?
Before traveling to Colombia, it is recommended to be up to date with basic vaccinations, such as tetanus, diphtheria, measles, mumps, and rubella. Additionally, it is suggested to get vaccinated against yellow fever, especially if you plan to visit jungle or rural areas. In some cases, the hepatitis A and typhoid fever vaccines may also be recommended. Consult with your doctor before your trip for specific recommendations based on your situation and the places you plan to visit.
6. What typical food should I try in Colombia?
Colombia offers a wide variety of typical dishes worth trying. Some of the most popular include bandeja paisa, ajiaco, arepa, sancocho, empanadas, and lechona. Also, don't forget to taste the delicious Colombian coffee and try exotic fruits such as lulo, guanábana, and granadilla.
7. How many days are recommended to see the main tourist sites in Colombia?
Colombia is a large and diverse country, so the number of days needed to visit its main tourist sites depends on your interests and the time you have available. A two- to three-week trip would allow you to visit the main destinations, such as Bogotá, Medellín, Cartagena, Tayrona National Natural Park, and the Coffee Triangle. However, if you wish to explore more in-depth, consider dedicating more time to your trip.
8. What type of accommodation can I find in Colombia?
In Colombia, you will find a wide range of accommodation options to suit different budgets and preferences. From luxury and boutique hotels to budget hostels, local inns, and eco-lodges in rural areas. Additionally, platforms like Airbnb offer a variety of options for renting apartments and private homes.
9. What type of transportation is most recommended for traveling around Colombia?
For traveling between cities in Colombia, air transport is a fast and convenient option, as the country has an extensive network of airports and connections. Low-cost airlines like Wingo and EasyFly offer affordable flights between major cities. For shorter journeys or in rural areas, intermunicipal buses and vanetas (minibuses) are popular and accessible options. Within cities, you can use taxis, apps like Uber, or public transportation services such as TransMilenio in Bogotá or the Metro in Medellín.
10. Is it necessary to speak Spanish to travel around Colombia?
Although it is possible to travel around Colombia without speaking Spanish, having basic knowledge of the language will make communication easier and allow for a more authentic experience. English is spoken in tourist areas and by staff at hotels and restaurants in major cities, but in rural and less touristy areas, Spanish knowledge will be very useful. Colombians are known for their friendliness and hospitality, so making an effort to learn a few Spanish phrases will help you connect with the local people and enrich your travel experience.